Cooling system for engines



A. LOUIVIIS.

coouwe SYSTEM FOR EN GINES APPLICATION FILED DEC 2 SH EETS-SHEET I.

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A. LOOMIS. COOLINGSYSITEM FOR'ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED DEC.23, l9l8.

1,329,419. Patnwd Feb.3.19 20.*

f'nn fer Jarlbh UNITED stra'rns PATENT OFFICE.

ALLEN LOOMIS', 0F DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

COOLING SYSTEM FOR ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 3, 1920.

Application filed December 23,1918. Serial No. 268,015.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALLEN LooMis, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit,

State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooling Systems for Engines, of which the follow ing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the cooling system of engines, and has for its object the provision of means for a rapid circulation of the cooling medium without the disadvantages which result from such circulation with the systems now 'in' use. A further object of the invention is to provide means to prevent the pressure in the pipe carrying the cooling medium from the radiator to the fluid forcing means from falling below atmospheric. Another object of the invention is to provide means to prevent the loss of the cooling medium and to return it to the cooling system when it has escaped from the regular course of the flow through the cooling system. A still further object is to provide means to prevent cavitation of the Water in the fluid forcing means.

In the accompanying drawing my invention is shown, for the purpose of illustration only, for it is applicable to other engines, as applied to an internal combustion engine. In the drawings, Figure 1, is a side. elevation of an internalcombustion engine and cooling system showing the radiator and .internal combustion engine.

conveys-the fluid to the cylinder ]ackets 3 1 pipes in section. Fig. 2 is a front view of the radiator with the upper header and part of the radiator in section. Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 of Fig. 2, Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view of a modified form of my. invention showing parts of the coolingsysterm in side elevation and parts in section. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of the radiator of Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a vertical section of a modification.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates any.

of the usual types of pump used to force the liquid through the cooling system of an The pipe 2 of the engine from which it is conveyed enters the upper header 6.

by the pipe 4 to the radiator 5 where it In order to properly distribute the hot water from the water jackets to all parts of the header 6, and also to provide alrelatively quiet spot in the mass of water to allow the steam and water to rise and asor water therethrough.

.top of this semi-circular, vertically disposed ba'fHesG, I

6 joined in front of the end of pipe 4, as shown in Fig. 3, to direct the water to the right and left. ,Each bafile is provided with a plurality of holes 6",s6 for the passage The air and steam present in the water collects in the relatively quiet space 6 between the two bafiles.

Above; the space 6" the header 6v is provided Wlth a plurality of holes 6? for the escape of air, steam or water, into the expansion tank 17 to be described below.

These holes should not be too largeor too numerous, else an undue amount of water would escape therethrough with the air or steam.

i From the header 6 the water passes through the radiator cells 7 to the bottom header 8, from which it is carried by outlet pipe, 9 to the pump suction pipe 10. An overflow pipe 11, the upper end of which is placed in the radiator filling thimble 12 carries the steam to the atmosphere and.- discharges it at 13. The radiator is closed by'the usual form of screw ca 14; Above these openings are suitable bafliss 16 to prevent thewater and steam escaping directly radiator, is an expansion tank 17. All the through'the overflow pipe 11. Around the water which overflows through the openings 6 and all the condensed steam pass around either side of the radiator tubesto the bot tom of the tank where it is conveyed'by a' expansion tank, I provide an expansion tank 19 in which the water and condensed steam which overflows from the, upper header is collected. The ipe 20 carries air and steam and any water orced. into it to the pipe 21 connected with the'expansion tank. Atthe ipe is an overflow pipe 22 similar to the pipe 11, disclosed in Fi closed as usual by a cap 23. The water is conveyed from expansion tank 19 by pipe 24 to a chamber 25 in which there is a nozzle 26 leading from the bottom header to the pump suction pipe. This pump suction g. 1. The filling thimble at the top of.th1s pipe is pipe is in the form of a venturi at the point where the Water from the expansion tank and the radiator enters it. arranged as shown to aid in distributing the hot Water through the header.

Referring now to the modification shown in Fig. 6, there is shown a construction Where the venturi of Fig. 1 is dispensed with. The water rushing into the pipe 10 forms however, a vena contracta as shown by the dotted lines, which, with relation to the nozzle or pipe 18' located therein, acts like a 'venturi to suck the water out of the expansion tank 17. I

Experiment has shown that most efficient results are obtained when the pipe 18 projects into the pipe 10 a distancesubstantially equal to one-half the diameter of the pipe 10, or in other words, where CD- AB.

It is well-known that a rapid flow of water through the cooling system greatly increases the efficiency of the system. This increase in the rapidity of the flow is usually obtained by increasing the size and speed of the, pump. Experience has shown, however, that when the speed of the pump is increased beyond a certain point, the pressure in the pump suction pipe is reduced below atmospheric when air leaks develop. The air which enters the pump suction pipe produces at least two bad results. First, there is cavitation of the water in the pump which reduces its efliciency. Second, this air when passing around the cylinder becomes highly heated and when carried to the upper header expands to such an extent that considerable water is thrown out of the header and es capes through the overflow pipe. My invention prevents the air entering t-hesuction pipe from the outside for the pressure there is kept above atmospheric by the nozzle and venturi which act as an injector for the water which has collected in the expansion tank. .My invent-ion also takes all the water which has escaped from the upper header and returns it to the cooling system for effective work.

The rapid flow of water through the cooling system which it is possible to maintain by the use of my invention also results in a greater dissipation of heat than may now be obtained; it prevents the relatively cool film of water next to thewalls of the radiator cells andthe hotter center ribbon of water which has been found to exist in the present coolingsystem, and makes possible the use of a radiator with a greater depth of core than is now used.

\Vhat I claim is:

' 1. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, fluid forcing means connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket, a chamber connected with said radiator, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, a connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means, and means in said cooling system to separate air and steam from the liquid in said system.

chamber around said radiator and connected therewith, and a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means consisting of a nozzle and a Venturi tube.

4. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket, :1 fluid chamber, a connection between said fluid chamber and said radiator, a connection between said radiator and said pump, a connection between said fluid chamber and said pump, and means in said cooling system to separate air and steam from the liquid in said system.

In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket. a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket,'a fluid chamber, a connection between said fluid chamber and said radiator, a connection betwcensaid fluidchamber and said pump, said connection consisting of a nozzle and a venturi, and means in said cooling system to separate air and steam from liquid in said system.

6. In a cooling systen'i for engines, a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket, an annular fluid chamber around said radiator. a connection between said fluid chamber and said radiator. a connection between said radiator and said pump and a connection between said fluid chamber and said pump.

7. In a cooling system for engines. a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket. a radiator connected to said jacket. an annular fluid chamber around said radiator, aconnection between said fluid chamber and said radiator, a connection between said radiator and said pump, anda connection between said fluid chamber and said pump, said connection consisting of a nozzle and a venturi.

8. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket, an annular fluid chamber around said radiator, a connection between said fluid chamber and said radiator, a connection between said radiator and said pump, a connection be- I tween said chamber and said fluid forcing means, and a second fluid forcing means in a radiator connected to said jacket, aheader associated with the radiator, a fluid chamber around said radiator, a connection between said fluid chamber and said radiator, a connection between said radiator and said pump and a connection between said-fluid chamber and said pump.

11. The combination as claimed in claim 10, in combination with means located in said header to distribute water to the radiator and to provide a relatively quiet space to permit the rise of air or steam.

12. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to said jacket, an expansion chamber connected tosaid radiator, connecting means between said radiator and said pump and connecting means between said expansion chamber and said first-mentioned connecting means, whereby the passage of fluid through the first mentioned connecting means causes passage of fluid through the second mentioned connecting means.

13. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, a pump connected to said jacket, a radiator connected to'said jacket, an expansion chamber connected to said radiator, connecting means between said radiator and said pump, a' nozzle leading from said expansion chamber and opening into said connecting means.

14. The combination as claimed in claim 13, said nozzle projecting into said connect jacket, a chamber connected with said radiator, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, a connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means and means in said cooling system located between said jacket and said chamber to separate air and steam from the liquid in said system. 16. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, fluid forcing means connected to said jacket, a radiator connected with said jacket, a chamber connected with said radiator, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, a connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means and means in said cooling system located between said jacket and said radiator to separate air and steam from-the liquid in said system.

17. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, fluid forcing means connected to said jacket, a radiator connected with said jacket, a chamber connected with said radiator, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, a connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means and means in said cooling system located between said jacket and said chamber and consisting of one or more bafiies, to separate air and steam from the liquid in said system.

18. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, fluid forcing means connected to sald acket, a radiator connected with said jacket, a chamber connected with said radi ator, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, a-connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means and means in said cooling system located between said jacket and said chamber and consisting of one or more curved baffle plates, to separate air and steam from the liquid in said system. I

19. In a cooling system for engines, a cooling jacket, fluidforcing means connected to said jacket, a radiator connected with said jacket, a chamber connected to said jacket, a connection between said chamber and said radiator, a header in said radiator, means in said header to separate air and steamfrom the liquid in said system, a connection between said chamber and said fluid forcing means, and a connection between said radiator and said fluid forcing means.

In testimony whereof I afliX my signature.

ALLEN LOOMIS. 

